Health Archives

What are the HPV Symptoms, Risks, and Preventions

Posted on September 13, 2023September 13, 2023 by Zeke

Dr. Kaung Myat Kyi

Medically Reviewed

When it comes to health, knowledge is power. And when it comes to HPV (Human Papillomavirus), understanding this widespread virus can be a game-changer in safeguarding your well-being. HPV is a remarkably common virus with over 100 types, and it can lead to a range of health issues, from warts to cancer. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into the depths of HPV, discussing its transmission, risks, prevention, and the importance of regular screenings. So, let’s get started on the journey to HPV awareness and prevention.

HPV, or Human Papillomavirus, is a group of viruses that can infect various parts of the body. With over 100 different types, HPV is incredibly prevalent, making it one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide.

How is HPV Transmitted?

HPV is primarily transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, most commonly during sexual activities. This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex. However, it’s important to note that HPV can also be spread through non-sexual means, such as simple skin-to-skin contact.

What are the HPV symptoms?

Individuals who are HIV-positive or engage in same-sex male (MSM) sexual activities may face additional risks related to HPV. These populations may need special tests and more vigilant monitoring to catch and manage potential HPV-related health issues.

HPV: The Silent Invader

Lack of Symptoms

One of the perplexing aspects of HPV is that it often remains asymptomatic, especially in the genital region. Many people infected with HPV may not even know they have it, as there are no visible signs or discomfort.

Warts and Cancer

Warts caused by HPV can appear later on, but high-risk HPV types can lead to cancer without any apparent symptoms. This is why early detection through screenings is crucial.

The Link Between HPV and Cancer

HPV and Cervical Cancer

One of the most concerning aspects of HPV is its association with cervical cancer. Certain high-risk types of HPV can lead to the development of abnormal cervical cells, which, if left untreated, can progress into cervical cancer. This is why regular screenings, particularly for women, are of paramount importance.

HPV and Other Cancers

While cervical cancer is the most well-known consequence of HPV infection, it’s not the only one. HPV has been linked to various other cancers, including anal, penile, vulvar, and oropharyngeal cancers. Men are also at risk, and it’s crucial for everyone, regardless of gender, to be aware of these potential dangers.

What is the treatment for HPV?

While there is no cure for HPV itself, treatments are available to manage its effects. These treatments focus on removing warts and addressing abnormal cervical cells. However, they do not eliminate the virus from the body entirely. It is best to understand prevents for HPV and which methods you should undertake. Cancers related to HPV need to be treated accordingly.

How to diagnose HPV?

Yes, it’s a good idea. The most common methods for diagnosing HPV-related issues are Pap smears and HPV tests. Pap smears are used to detect abnormal cervical cells, while HPV tests directly identify the presence of the virus. Pap smears are the most reliable and accessible tests to prevent cervical cancer caused by HPV.

Pap Smears: Pap smears, also known as Pap tests or cervical cytology, are a tried-and-true method used to detect abnormal cervical cells in the cervix. During this procedure, a healthcare provider gently collects a sample of cells from the cervix, which is then carefully examined under a microscope. Pap smears are especially effective in identifying precancerous or cancerous changes in cervical cells, allowing for early intervention and treatment.

HPV Tests: In addition to Pap smears, HPV tests are a crucial tool in diagnosing HPV infections. These tests directly identify the presence of the HPV virus in cervical cells. A sample is collected in a similar manner to a Pap smear, but the focus is on detecting the genetic material of the virus itself. This is particularly valuable in identifying high-risk HPV types that may not manifest as abnormal cells, yet still pose a cancer risk.

How can I Prevent HPV?

Prevention is the key to dealing with HPV effectively. Here are some essential measures:

Vaccination
Pap smears
Safer sex practices is the most effective way to safeguard your health.

Vaccination

HPV vaccines are highly effective in preventing infection with the most common high-risk types of the virus which can cause cervical cancer. Vaccination is recommended for both males and females, ideally before becoming sexually active.

Regular Screenings

Regular screenings, especially for women, are essential to detect any abnormal cervical cells or signs of cancer early on. Early detection can make a significant difference in treatment outcomes.

Safer Sex

Practicing safer sex, such as using condoms, can reduce the risk of HPV transmission. However, it’s essential to remember that condoms do not provide complete protection, as HPV can infect areas not covered by condoms.

HPV and the Immune System

In most cases, the body’s immune system can clear the HPV virus naturally over time. This means that while there is no cure, the virus often becomes non-contagious once the immune system eliminates it. However, this does not eliminate the risk of serious health complications that can develop.

HPV is a widespread virus with numerous types, some of which can lead to warts or cancer. Its transmission primarily occurs through sexual contact, but it can also spread through skin-to-skin contact. Regular screenings, especially for women, are vital in detecting and managing HPV-related health issues.

Health Insurance for HPV

Having comprehensive health insurance coverage ensures that you can access timely and essential healthcare services without the burden of exorbitant medical bills of HPV related cancers. It’s crucial to explore insurance plans that cover HPV vaccinations, screenings, and treatments. Prioritizing health insurance not only provides financial protection but also promotes early detection and prevention, enhancing your overall health and peace of mind. So, invest in your health by obtaining the right coverage today.

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Tax Deduction Thailand: Pay Less with Health Insurance

Posted on September 6, 2023September 6, 2023 by Zeke

Working expatriates in Thailand are responsible for their own Personal Income Tax (PIT) filing to the Revenue Department. However, many new expats are unaware that they even have to declare their income taxes, let alone how they can reduce their taxable income.

Holders of personal health insurance in Thailand can reduce their taxable income by up to 25,000 THB.

How much can you save with a health insurance?

The percentage that can be deducted depends on the annual net taxable income, as outlined below:

Net Taxable Income	Deduction	Accumulate tax payable
First 150,000	Exempt	0
150,001 – 300,000	5%	7,500
300,001 – 500,000	10%	27,500
500,001 – 750,000	15%	65,000
750,000 – 1,000,000	20%	115,000
1,000,001 – 2,000,000	25%	365,000
2,000,001 – 5,000,000	30%	1,265,000
5,000,001 and over	35%	_

Similarly to most countries, numerous personal income tax deductibles are available to reduce annual net taxable income; such as child allowance, spouse (without income) allowance, and insurance. Consequently, the net taxable income can potentially be less than the annual income, when taking tax deductibles into account.

How the health insurance tax deduction works: an example

To illustrate how this deduction works, let’s use an imaginary character.
Sam is a young foreigner, working for an international company in Bangkok. He earns 1.8 million baht per year, making him fall into the [1,000,001 – 2,000,000] income bracket.
Sam has a health insurance and pays 40,000 THB annual premium. He is therefore eligible to 25,000 THB deductible.

When filing his personal income tax return, Sam can expect to reduce his taxes by 25,000 THB x 25% = 6,250 THB.

How can expats claim the deduction?

In some companies, the HR department can assist expats in filing tax returns. For thai readers, PIT can be filed online on the Revenue Department’s website.

A proof of a valid Thailand health insurance policy will likely be needed in order to claim the deductible. The insurance policy needs to be paid during the tax year for the deductible to be effective for the same year. For tax return purposes, the insurance payment date will be taken into account, not the policy start date.

Please note: The maximum personal income tax allowance for both health insurance and life insurance premiums cannot exceed more than 100,000 baht. This means, those who have already claimed 100,000 THB life insurance premium as a tax deductible, cannot add the health insurance 25,000 THB deductible.

Health Insurance in Thailand for Tax Deduction

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How Do I Call an Ambulance in Thailand?

Posted on September 5, 2023September 14, 2023 by Zeke

Living abroad has its share of thrills and conveniences, but people also find that many things they took for granted are different overseas. For example, what should you do in an emergency? Does calling 911 help? How (and when) should you call an ambulance – and how will you communicate with emergency responders when they arrive?

What are the emergency numbers in Thailand?

A few years ago, Thailand planned to set up a 911 emergency number – but then changed its mind and stayed with its old system. As of right now, Thailand’s general emergency numbers are as follows:

Police and general emergency – 191

Medical emergency – 1669

Fire – 199

Tourist Police – 1155

Operators at these numbers speak English and Thai. Even so, it may be preferable in a medical emergency situation to call your hospital’s emergency number directly. The hospital’s response time will be similar to that of the city’s emergency services, but by calling the hospital, emergency doctors will already be familiar with the emergency when you arrive in the ambulance. They can then begin work right away, saving precious minutes that might have otherwise been spent gathering preliminary information.

For this reason, it is worthwhile to take the time now to research which hospital you plan to use in case you need it. We recommend that you download the Luma Care app which has the locations of hospitals across Thailand and save the hospital’s contact number on your phone.

Our ultimate guide to health insurance in Thailand, looks at a range of different international hospitals across Thailand. By visiting their websites, you will be able to find their private emergency number.

If you take anything away from this article, it should be to save the following two essential numbers in your phone:

Medical emergency- 1669
Private hospital emergency number

It is tempting for many people to put off or ignore questions of medical care while they are healthy, as the world of ambulances and doctors seems separate. But none of us know when the next emergency will occur, and it is essential to be prepared. For more information about Luma and how we can help in an emergency, contact us today.

Health Insurance in Thailand